نشریه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 21، زمستان 1396)

Investing in infrastructure as a pillar of substructure and human capital as a pillar of implementation is a prerequisite for helping developing countries to accelerate economic growth and development. On the other hand, economic growth is due to the creation of new ideas and knowledge generation in various economic fields. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of human capital and infrastructure on economic growth by modifying the knowledge- based economy indexes in developing countries during the period 2011-2016. Data about the selected sample countries has been extracted from the Global Innovation Index reports. The method of fitting the models in the present study is the panel data method. This method is used by applying Eviews software. The results show that infrastructure and human capital have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. The results also indicate that the knowledge- based economy indexes play a moderating role in the relationship between infrastructure and human capital with economic growth.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the position of collaborative foresight strategy in policy making procedure of universities. This is a qualitative research carried out through content analysis. Rapid and increasing changes in science and technology, at the very sophisticated conditions of the present age, may require smart universities that not only know how to face the aforementioned changes, but also are capable of drawing the desired world through future scientific architecture .Indeed, today, university leaders may identify ecosystem changes prior to system involvement and inefficiency, and seek for proper perspectives and considered policies by designing stakeholder network and employing collaborative foresight strategy for policy making. Collaborative policy making may lead to identification of strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities the university may encounter and enjoy for mission completion or more thoughtful
decision making. Due to stakeholders’ collaboration, the adopted policies are applicable leading university system toward ensured quality.

In our country, education has no coherent governance. Because the affairs of the field of general education, higher education, and medical education are assigned to three different ministries/departments, while there is no such division in many countries of the world. In addition, in these countries not only these areas are managed by one ministry/department (ministry/department of education), but also other the affairs of areas such as science, research, culture, sports, technology, human resource development, internship, religion, and youth are managed by this single ministry (or department). Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to examine the state of governance of the education sector in terms of its communication system in our country and other countries of the world (the sub-system(s) of education and its relationship with other sectors). For this purpose, the comparative method of educational system in some countries of the world was examined from the perspective of its communication system. The results indicated that in many of these countries, the education sector has a coherent and co-ordinated governance with some other areas, while this is not the case in our country. At the end, some suggestions for the benefit of the country were presented with the benefits of integrated governance in the education sector as well as the integration of the field of education with other areas of cooperation.

Governance is the method of implementing power to achieve the goals of society, in which all actors are involved. To achieve the goals, it is important to explain the status of the situation and the optimal ways to reach them. If a society does not know where its position is and its proportion in global society and in comparison with other societies, it will not be destined as a closed-minded approach. This article first examines the role and position of statistical systems and conceptual frameworks in governance. Then, it uses a case study method to study the status of Iran's statistical systems in three areas of the economy of technology and innovation in the country. The results indicate the neglect of the statistical system and indexation for policy in the early stages of the governance process and for monitoring and monitoring the policies in the process.

In the business world and knowledge age, intelligence is one of the undeniable requirements for most organizations so that they can increase their capabilities by increasing deploying knowledge and awareness, and prepare themselves to adapt to changes and environment. Business intelligence is a set of abilities, technologies, tools and solutions that help you better understand business conditions and adapt to it. Data mining is known as a powerful business intelligence tool for discovery, but has not yet fully integrated with it. in the literature, less found a comprehensive and complete approach embracing all aspects of business intelligence. The purpose of this study is to examine the integrated approach that has been reviewed by validated and evaluated models and addresses various aspects of business intelligence, including cost-effective implementation, effective application and system evaluation. It has bees introduced the use of intelligent agents and usiness process data-mining languages In the implementation phase, process of sharing knowledge between the organization's specialists and managers in application phase, and the evaluation of systems in the last phase.

In this research we have studied the changes in the technology performance in the smartphone industry, and by using theoretical models in technology management literature, we have compared this performance with coustomer’s required level of performance. The study shows that after 2011, the level of customer satisfactions depends less on the technology performanceand more on the price. This observation is consistent with Christiensen’s suggested model for technology performance, in which after a certain point technology’s performance surpasses the customer’s need.

This paper uses narrative analysis to critically examine the business practicesused by five international oil and gas companies (IOCs) (Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell, BP and Total) to respond to local content policies in petroleum-producing developing countries (Nigeria, Angola, Venezuela, Kazakhstan, Brazil, Indonesia, Yemen and Indonesia) during the period 2000 –2012. The business practices include the formulation of local content strategies that are implemented through programmes and initiatives aimed at developing and using host country suppliers and workforce. Such practices and the narratives used to communicate the mimplicitly reflect the context in which the effectiveness of local content policieson economic development can be assessed. By comparing and contrasting the narratives across the five IOCs in relation to the wider literature, four emergent narrative strategies justifying the business practices of IOCs are identified and discussed. They include: (1) direct engagement to renegotiate local content requirements with governments, (2) legal compliance framework, (3) the business case for local content strategies, and (4) corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. The conclusion considers the policy implications of these findings for local content development in petroleum-producing developing countries.